I am generating an animation in Matlab, composed of simple diagrams. The images are characterized by fine structures, strong contrasts and mostly discrete colors, e.g. there are few-pixels wide black lines, dots or small patches of uniform color, few-pixels high antialiased text, etc. Here's a screen shot of a typical frame:
What changes from frame to frame are the colored patches on the left, the time ("t = "), and the position of the black dot in the right panel.
Using a standard video codec on this which was designed for full-frame moving photographic imagery generates strong artefacts even with weak compression. Without compression however, the video file becomes unmanageably huge.
My question: Is there a video codec that is optimized for this kind of material? If possible, it would be optimal if an encoder is included in ffmpeg, and if there is a decoder (codec implementation) available for Windows.