SDI video coming out of cameras can trigger the video recorder to start and stop via ancillary packets usually contained in the HANC space. I've found the ARRI specification for this packet in their white paper Metadata_in_the_ALEXA.pdf, but not all recorders work with it. Where to find the packet specification for Sony, Red and/or Panasonic?
EDIT:
After contacting a manufacturer, I found out that a popular way to flag record is to set the MSB bit of binary group 1 of the RP188 timecode ancillary packet.